Improving students cognitive learning outcomes in computer systems learning through unity-based virtual reality media

Abstract

This study aims to examine the effect of using Unity-based Virtual Reality (VR) media integrated with the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model on improving students' cognitive learning outcomes in computer systems learning. This study used a quantitative approach with a one-group pretest-posttest design. Assessment was conducted through structured tests before and after treatment to measure students' cognitive performance. The results of the normality test showed that the posttest data were not normally distributed, so a Wilcoxon Signed Ranks test was conducted. The test results showed a significant difference between the pretest and posttest (Z = -4.611; p < 0.001). In addition, the average N-Gain value of 0.59 (moderate category) indicated a positive increase in learning outcomes. The use of Unity-based VR media provided an immersive and contextual learning experience, thus helping students better understand abstract concepts and increasing motivation and learning engagement. This technology integration also encouraged the development of critical thinking skills and learning independence. Although some technical obstacles were encountered, such as discomfort when using the VR device, these obstacles could be overcome through collaborative learning strategies. These findings confirm that the combination of VR media and the PBL model is an effective approach to improving the quality of learning computer systems material.